The EPA announced yesterday that it had granted five additional small refinery exemptions (SREs) for 2017, reducing the number of pending petitions in the queue for that year as of 1 March from seven to two. This brings the total number of exemptions to 9.4 percent of the 19.28 billion gallons in overall biofuel required volume obligations under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). After a company submits a petition to the EPA, the exemption is granted if the agency determines that complying with the RFS would create "disproportionate economic hardship." Small refineries are defined as producing no more than 75,000 barrels per day (bpd) of crude in 2006 and an average aggregate daily throughput of the same limit in the most recent full calen...