Making beef is challenging, and making good beef is even more complicated. It requires far more resources than competing animal proteins, which is why global production lags far behind alternatives such as pork and poultry. While pigs and chickens can be produced under highly controlled conditions that reduce the incidents of disease or predation, cattle largely spend their time out in the environment. This leaves them at risk to native carnivores and subject to dozens of different potential diseases.  Over the past quarter century, global poultry production has advanced at a CAGR of 2.83 percent. If one excludes the more recent ASF years in China, pork production has expanded at 1.4 percent CAGR. However, beef production has grown at...