In the world of global grain trading, commodities are deemed fungible, or mutually interchangeable. However, fungibility is a relative term since grain prices can vary geographically for various reasons including transportation costs, local supply/demand differences, small qualitative differences, information gaps, etc. The following example of wheat prices this year is illustrative. In the graphs below, spot wheat prices in the Black Sea region, including Ukraine, experienced an “M” shaped volatility early this calendar year followed by a sharp spike upwards in the fall. However, spot wheat prices in Argentina did not reflect the earlier volatility and instead made a steady year-long, less steep climb toward today’s curr...